Climate and Reality: Why It’s Damp in Montenegro

The climate of Montenegro determines the specifics of winter living. On the coast, it is Mediterranean: winters are mild (average January temperature +9°C) but extremely humid. From September to April, heavy precipitation falls (over 1250 mm per year), and air humidity often stays at 70–80%.

In the northern regions, the climate is continental: in winter, temperatures drop to -25°C and snow falls. However, the problem of humidity is relevant throughout the country. Summers are dry and hot (up to +40°C), but the dampness accumulated in walls during winter can persist for a long time.

Important: Most buildings in Montenegro were constructed as summer housing. They often lack proper waterproofing and thermal insulation, which leads to rapid cooling of walls and the appearance of condensation ("sick building syndrome").

Heating System: Types and Costs

There is no central heating in Montenegro. Residents solve the heating issue independently, choosing between electricity and solid fuel.

Electricity

The most common option on the coast (Budva, Bar, Tivat).

Cost: About €0.12/kWh at the daytime tariff. At night, the tariff is lower.
Air conditioners (inverter): Energy-efficient (cost €1800–2600 per season for an apartment), operate as heat pumps. Downside — cold floors, warm air accumulates near the ceiling.
Convectors: Heat the air quickly but dry it out significantly. Approximate price of a 2000 W model (e.g., FIRST) — €21.
Oil radiators: Retain heat longer, suitable for damp rooms. Price of a model (e.g., Beko) — from €29.
Infrared heaters: Heat objects rather than air. Effective for local heating and combating wall dampness.

Lifehack: Use timers on heaters or turn on energy-intensive appliances (boilers, washing machines) at night when the discounted electricity tariff applies.

Firewood and Pellets

Popular in private houses and mountainous areas.

Firewood: On the coast, a cubic meter costs €40–50; in the mountains (Pljevlja, Žabljak) — about €35/m³.
Pellets: A more eco-friendly option, cost — about €180 per ton.

Mold: Prevention and Control

Mold occurs due to condensation on cold walls at humidity above 55%. This is a direct risk for asthma and allergy development. Main causes: poor ventilation, "thermal bridges" in the building structure, and saving on heating.

Action Algorithm When Mold Is Detected:

Removal: Use vinegar, hydrogen peroxide, or specialized products (e.g., SK Cleaner sprays).
Treatment: Apply antifungal primer or paint (effect lasts over 2 years).
Eliminate the cause: Normalize humidity and ensure ventilation.

Recommendation: When choosing housing, check corners and window slopes for black spots. Ask owners for winter electricity bills — this is the best indicator of heat loss in an apartment.

Dehumidifiers

This is an essential appliance for comfortable winter living on the coast. A dehumidifier maintains humidity in the 40–60% range, preventing fungal growth.

Popular models and prices:

Carrier (CDF2-16Q7): 16 L/day — ~€269.
Carrier (CDI-30Q7): 30 L/day — ~€359 (suitable for large apartments).
Budget options: Hisense, Gorenje, DeLonghi.

Choose models with a clothes drying function (on the coast, laundry does not dry for days in winter) and ionization. For effective operation, select capacity: 12–30 liters per day for spaces up to 50 m².

Effective combo: Dehumidifier + Electric convector. The dehumidifier removes moisture, allowing the heater to warm dry air faster, reducing electricity costs.

Insulation and Government Support

The Government of Montenegro subsidizes energy efficiency improvements (window replacement, facade insulation). More than 4,500 households have already benefited from support programs. Quality insulation reduces heating costs by 20–30%.

If you are planning long-term rent or purchase, investing in insulation and proper ventilation is not an option — it is a necessity for preserving health and budget.

Climate and Reality: Why It’s Damp in Montenegro